Ali Mehedi

We are shaped by the information we consume. If we think of the brain as a machine that takes in input and generates output, the input is the information we absorb, and the output is reflected in our actions.

To become a global citizen, our actions must be aligned with a global perspective. The only way to achieve this is by being aware of what is happening in the world as a whole, not just in one country or community.

This article examines current global conflicts and the countries affected by them.

Global Conflicts

1. Palestine:
   • Casualties: As of the latest reports, at least 40,878 Palestinians have been killed, including nearly 16,500 children, and more than 94,454 have been injured in Gaza. Over 10,000 people are missing. In the occupied West Bank, at least 691 people have been killed, including more than 158 children, and over 5,700 have been injured. In Israel, 1,139 people have been killed and at least 8,730 injured since the attacks began on October 7.
   • Infrastructure Damage in Gaza: Israeli attacks have damaged or destroyed over half of Gaza’s homes, 80% of commercial facilities, 85% of schools, 17 of 36 hospitals, 65% of road networks, and 65% of cropland.
   • Hourly Impact in Gaza: Every hour, 15 people are killed (including six children), 35 are injured, 42 bombs are dropped, and 12 buildings are destroyed.
   • Journalists Killed: Since October 7, over 125 journalists, mainly Palestinians, have been killed.
   • Blockade and Population: Gaza, with a population of about 2.3 million, is under a strict blockade by Israel since 2007, severely limiting movement and access to resources.
2. Russo-Ukrainian War (Russian Invasion of Ukraine):
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Estimated between 71,235 and 95,088 deaths.
   • The conflict continues to be one of the most lethal, significantly impacting civilian and military populations in Ukraine and Russia​(Wikipedia).
3. Sudanese Civil War:
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Estimated between 7,757 and 13,225 deaths.
   • The conflict in Sudan involves government forces and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces, with widespread violence affecting civilians and causing massive displacements​(Wikipedia).
4. Syrian Civil War:
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Ongoing with thousands of fatalities, with major conflict areas in Idlib and ongoing interventions by various international actors.
   • The war continues to involve multiple factions, including the Syrian government, rebel groups, and international forces, leading to a prolonged humanitarian crisis​(Wikipedia).
5. Ethiopian Conflict (Tigray War):
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: The conflict has seen thousands of casualties, though exact numbers vary due to restricted access and reporting.
   • The conflict primarily involves the Ethiopian government forces and Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), with significant impacts on civilians​(Wikipedia).
6. Yemen Conflict:
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Estimated around several thousand deaths, including combatants and civilians.
   • Yemen’s war involves the Houthi rebels, Yemeni government forces, and an international coalition led by Saudi Arabia, leading to a severe humanitarian crisis​(Wikipedia).
7. Myanmar Civil Conflict:
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: The military junta’s conflict with various ethnic armed groups and resistance forces has resulted in significant casualties, though specific numbers fluctuate.
   • The ongoing violence has led to severe humanitarian impacts, including displacement and targeted attacks on civilians​(Crisis Group).
8. Haiti (Gang Violence and Political Instability):
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Gang violence and political instability have led to numerous deaths, contributing to the overall insecurity in the country.
   • Ongoing conflicts between rival gangs and confrontations with security forces have significantly affected civilian life​(Crisis Group).
9. Mexican Drug War:
   • Casualties in the last 12 months: Estimated between 7,168 and 13,877 deaths.
   • The war involves conflicts between various drug cartels and the Mexican government, with high levels of violence affecting numerous regions within Mexico​(Wikipedia).

These figures are estimates and can vary due to the dynamic nature of conflicts and challenges in reporting accurate numbers, especially in regions with restricted access. For more detailed and up-to-date information, you can refer to resources like the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, Our World in Data, and Crisis Group’s CrisisWatch​(Wikipedia)​(Our World in Data)​(Crisis Group).

Find live Global Conflict Tracker here:

Food

Here is a list of countries with the highest number of people facing hunger issues, based on recent data from the Global Report on Food Crises 2024:

Here is a list of countries with the highest number of people facing hunger issues, based on recent data from the Global Report on Food Crises 2024:

1. Palestine: In Palestine, particularly in Gaza, the ongoing conflict has led to a severe food crisis, with approximately 96% of the population facing acute food insecurity. Around 2.15 million people in Gaza are at crisis levels of hunger or worse, and nearly half a million are in catastrophic conditions, which is the most critical level of food insecurity classified as Phase 5 on the global IPC scale. This situation reflects an extreme lack of food, exhaustion of coping mechanisms, and a sharply increased risk of malnutrition and death. The conflict has severely restricted humanitarian aid, leading to a near-complete collapse of food, health, and protection systems in Gaza, exacerbating the risk of famine across the region​ (UN News)​(World Food Programme).
2. Sudan: Approximately 26.6 million people are facing extreme hunger due to conflict, floods, and inflation, with the situation worsening as conflict spreads across the country​(World Food Program USA).
3. Yemen: About 17 million people are experiencing severe hunger, primarily driven by ongoing civil war. The prolonged conflict has caused widespread displacement and disrupted food supplies​(World Food Program USA).
4. Syria: Around 12.9 million Syrians are facing extreme hunger, largely due to over a decade of civil war, economic downturns, and the impacts of COVID-19​(World Food Program USA).
5. Afghanistan: Approximately 12.4 million people are suffering from extreme hunger due to decades of conflict, economic collapse, and reduced access to essential services following the Taliban’s takeover​(World Food Program USA).
6. The Sahel Region: Including countries like Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania, and Niger, about 13 million people are facing severe hunger due to armed conflict and climate extremes like droughts and floods​(World Food Program USA).
7. South Sudan: Around 7.1 million people are experiencing severe hunger, exacerbated by civil war, historic flooding, and high food prices​(World Food Program USA).
8. Somalia: Approximately 6 million people are projected to face severe hunger due to prolonged drought, civil war, and rising food prices, making it one of the world’s most severe hunger crises​(World Food Program USA).
9. Northern Ethiopia: In the regions of Tigray, Afar, and Amhara, about 5.5 million people are suffering from severe hunger, primarily due to armed conflict​(World Food Program USA).

These countries are among the most severely affected by hunger, often due to a combination of conflict, economic instability, and environmental factors such as droughts and floods. The situation in these regions highlights the urgent need for international assistance and long-term solutions to address the root causes of food insecurity​(

World Food Program USA)​(Help ChildrenNow | UNICEF USA).

Education

Here is a list of countries with the largest uneducated populations based on recent data, highlighting the number of out-of-school children:

1. Palestine:
   • In Palestine, particularly Gaza, more than 212 schools have been directly hit by Israeli bombardment since the conflict escalated, with at least 53 schools completely destroyed. The education system has been severely affected, with more than 5,479 students and 261 teachers killed since October 7, 2023. Additionally, 86.2% of schools in the most affected areas are either damaged or destroyed, disrupting education for over 625,000 students. The conflict has also seen schools being used for military purposes, further complicating humanitarian efforts​(UN News).
2. Nigeria:
   • Nigeria has one of the largest populations of out-of-school children, with an estimated 20 million children not attending school. The country faces significant challenges in education access due to poverty, insecurity, and lack of infrastructure.
3. India:
   • India has millions of children out of school, particularly among marginalized communities. While significant progress has been made in recent years, regional disparities and socio-economic factors continue to impact access to education.
4. Pakistan:
   • Pakistan has a large number of children, especially girls, who do not attend school. Cultural barriers, poverty, and political instability contribute to the high number of uneducated youth.
5. Ethiopia:
   • Ethiopia faces considerable educational challenges, with many children not completing primary education due to poverty, rural access issues, and gender disparities.
6. Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC):
   • The DRC has one of the highest numbers of out-of-school children due to ongoing conflict, poverty, and lack of educational infrastructure.
7. Afghanistan:
   • Afghanistan has about 7.8 million out-of-school children, largely due to the exclusion of girls from education and the broader impacts of political instability and conflict.
8. Sudan:
   • Sudan struggles with a high number of children not attending school, influenced by conflict, poverty, and displacement.

According to UNESCO, the global number of out-of-school children has risen to 250 million, with Sub-Saharan Africa accounting for nearly 30% of this population. Additionally, significant numbers of uneducated children are also found in Central and Southern Asia, with many dropping out after primary education due to economic and social challenges​(

Wikipedia)​(Our World in Data)​(UNESCO).

These numbers highlight the critical need for global efforts to address barriers to education, including improving access, quality, and inclusivity, particularly for girls and marginalized communities.

The illiteracy rate among all adults (over 15-year-old) in 2022, by world region:

Climate Change

Countries Most Affected by Climate Change:

1. South Sudan: Experiencing severe floods and droughts, impacting 64% of the population (7.7 million people).
2. Madagascar: Hit by cyclones and droughts, leaving nearly 2 million people in severe hunger.
3. Pakistan: Devastated by monsoon floods affecting 14.6 million people.
4. Somalia: Prolonged droughts have led to severe hunger for 5 million people.
5. Sudan: Struggling with droughts and floods, with 15 million people severely hungry.
6. Chad: Affected by droughts and floods, with 2.1 million people acutely hungry.
7. The Sahel: Facing droughts and desertification, with 13 million severely hungry.
8. The Dry Corridor: Includes El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala; facing severe droughts and food insecurity.

For more details, visit the World Food Program USA website.

Countries Most Threatened by Climate Change:

1. Japan
2. Philippines
3. Germany
4. Madagascar
5. India
6. Sri Lanka
7. Kenya
8. Rwanda
9. Haiti
10. Vietnam
11. Bangladesh

For further information, visit Iberdrola’s article on climate change threats.

Access to Internet

Here are the 20 countries with the largest populations without internet access as of 2024:

1. India – 644 million people offline.
2. China – 318 million people offline.
3. Pakistan – 110 million people offline.
4. Bangladesh – 97 million people offline.
5. Nigeria – 90 million people offline.
6. Indonesia – 64 million people offline.
7. Ethiopia – 56 million people offline.
8. Congo (DRC) – 49 million people offline.
9. Brazil – 40 million people offline.
10. Tanzania – 36 million people offline.
11. Egypt – 33 million people offline.
12. Philippines – 32 million people offline.
13. Vietnam – 29 million people offline.
14. Myanmar – 28 million people offline.
15. Sudan – 26 million people offline.
16. Kenya – 25 million people offline.
17. Uganda – 23 million people offline.
18. Iran – 22 million people offline.
19. Mozambique – 21 million people offline.
20. South Africa – 20 million people offline.

These numbers highlight the significant digital divide that still exists globally, particularly in developing countries. For more details, you can refer to the data from World Population Review and Statista.

Inequality

The World Inequality Database reveals significant disparities in income and wealth globally. The top 10% of earners capture a large share of national income, while the bottom 50% often receive a much smaller proportion. For instance, in the U.S., the top 10% earn over 45% of national income, while the bottom 50% earn less than 13%. These gaps are mirrored worldwide, highlighting ongoing challenges in addressing inequality, poverty, and wealth distribution. For detailed data and visual comparisons across countries, you can explore the World Inequality Database here.

Here is a list of some of the poorest countries in the world based on GDP per capita, along with the percentage of their populations living below the poverty line and in extreme conditions:

1. South Sudan:
   • GDP per capita: $455
   • Poverty: Over 60% of the population, approximately 9 million people, live in extreme conditions, relying on humanitarian aid for survival. Political instability, conflict, and lack of infrastructure contribute significantly to the poverty crisis.
2. Burundi:
   • GDP per capita: $916
   • Poverty: More than half of the population lives on less than $2.25 per day. The country struggles with high levels of food insecurity and stunting in children due to chronic malnutrition.
3. Central African Republic:
   • GDP per capita: $1,123
   • Poverty: About 66% of the population lives below the international poverty line, facing severe hunger and lacking access to basic services like healthcare, clean water, and education.
4. Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC):
   • GDP per capita: $1,552
   • Poverty: Around 79% of the population lives below the international poverty line. Despite its rich natural resources, the DRC faces significant challenges due to political instability, violence, and poor infrastructure.
5. Mozambique:
   • GDP per capita: $1,649
   • Poverty: Approximately 74.5% of the population lives below the poverty line. The country faces recurrent natural disasters, political instability, and widespread hunger.
6. Niger:
   • GDP per capita: $1,675
   • Poverty: About 50.6% of the population lives on less than $2.15 per day, struggling with food insecurity and limited access to education and healthcare.
7. Malawi:
   • GDP per capita: $1,710
   • Poverty: Over two-thirds of the population live below the poverty line, with significant rates of child malnutrition and lack of basic services.
8. Liberia:
   • GDP per capita: $1,880
   • Poverty: Nearly 28% of the population lives in extreme poverty. Access to clean water and adequate sanitation is limited, exacerbating health and economic challenges.
9. Madagascar:
   • GDP per capita: $1,979
   • Poverty: Over 80% of the population lives below the poverty line, with severe food insecurity and poor access to clean water and sanitation.
10. Yemen:
    • GDP per capita: $2,000
    • Poverty: About 20% of the population lives on less than $2.15 per day. Yemen faces severe humanitarian challenges due to prolonged conflict, resulting in widespread hunger and malnutrition.

These countries face significant challenges, including political instability, conflict, lack of access to essential services, and environmental factors that exacerbate poverty and extreme living conditions. For more detailed information, you can refer to sources like the World Bank and Global Finance Magazine​(

Global Finance Magazine)​(World Population Review)​(Economics Insider).

People enslaved, captive, or displaced

Here is a list of countries with the largest numbers of people enslaved, captive, or displaced for political reasons, based on the latest data:

Countries with the Largest Numbers of People Enslaved:

1. India – Approximately 11 million people are in modern slavery, including forced labor and forced marriage.
2. China – About 5.8 million people are enslaved, often in forced labor situations.
3. Pakistan – An estimated 2.3 million people are in slavery, mainly due to bonded labor in agriculture and brick kilns.
4. Bangladesh – Around 1.2 million people are subjected to modern slavery, with significant cases of child labor and human trafficking.
5. Nigeria – Approximately 1.6 million people are in various forms of modern slavery, including forced labor and sexual exploitation​(World Population Review).

Countries with the Largest Numbers of People Displaced for Political Reasons:

1. Syria – Over 13 million people have been displaced due to ongoing conflict, with 6.8 million refugees and 6.2 million internally displaced persons (IDPs).
2. Ukraine – The conflict has led to over 8 million people being displaced, including refugees and IDPs.
3. Venezuela – Economic collapse and political instability have displaced about 7 million people, with many fleeing to neighboring countries.
4. Afghanistan – Around 5.8 million people are displaced due to ongoing conflict and instability.
5. South Sudan – Over 4.5 million people are displaced, both internally and as refugees, due to conflict and humanitarian crises​(IDMC)​(UNHCR).
6. Rohingya: The Rohingya crisis remains one of the largest humanitarian challenges, with approximately 1 million Rohingya refugees currently sheltering in Bangladesh and over 130,000 more across the region, including countries like Malaysia and India. This displacement was primarily triggered by the violent crackdown by Myanmar’s military in 2017, which forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya to flee from Rakhine State. Many of the refugees live in overcrowded conditions in the world’s largest refugee camp in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, relying entirely on humanitarian aid for survival.
   
   The ongoing conflict in Myanmar continues to displace more people, with recent estimates indicating that an additional 327,000 have been displaced within Rakhine State and Paletwa Township in Chin as of 2024. The refugees face dire conditions, including limited access to education, healthcare, and basic necessities, with children particularly vulnerable to disease, malnutrition, and exploitation. The Rohingya remain stateless and face significant barriers to repatriation, as Myanmar has not yet provided the necessary conditions for their safe and dignified return​(UNICEF)​(UN Press).

These figures highlight the global challenges of modern slavery and forced displacement, driven by conflicts, economic instability, and human rights violations. Efforts from international organizations and governments are crucial in addressing these severe human rights issues. For more detailed information, you can refer to the sources such as the UNHCR and Global Slavery Index reports.

Here is a list of countries known for using slave labor, unpaid labor, or maintaining inhuman labor conditions, along with relevant data:

1. North Korea – Approximately 2.7 million people are enslaved, including forced labor imposed by the state, with citizens being subjected to harsh conditions in labor camps under government control.
2. India – Around 11 million people are in various forms of modern slavery, including bonded labor, forced marriage, and exploitation in industries like brick kilns and agriculture.
3. China – Estimated 5.8 million people, including Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities, are subjected to forced labor, particularly in the Xinjiang region where state-sponsored labor transfer programs are prevalent. Reports indicate forced labor in industries such as aluminum and textiles.
4. Pakistan – Around 2.3 million people are in forced labor, including bonded labor in brick kilns and agriculture, affecting adults and children alike.
5. Russia – Approximately 1.9 million people are in modern slavery, involving forced labor, human trafficking, and exploitation in various industries.
6. Bangladesh – An estimated 1.2 million people are exploited, particularly in garment factories and domestic work, where laborers face poor working conditions and inadequate wages.
7. Nigeria – About 1.6 million people are enslaved, with common practices including forced labor in agriculture, domestic work, and sexual exploitation.
8. Indonesia – Around 1.8 million people are affected by forced labor, particularly in palm oil plantations and fishing industries, where workers are often trafficked and exploited under abusive conditions.
9. Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) – Over 400,000 people are enslaved, mainly in mining industries, where children and adults work under hazardous conditions extracting minerals like cobalt.
10. Thailand – Forced labor is prevalent in the fishing industry, where tens of thousands of migrant workers from neighboring countries endure harsh conditions, long hours, and little pay, with their movements often restricted by employers.
11. Saudi Arabia: Approximately 740,000 people are estimated to be in modern slavery, including forced labor and exploitation of migrant workers, who often face abusive working conditions, wage theft, and restricted freedom of movement due to the Kafala (sponsorship) system. The Kafala system ties workers to their employers, making it difficult for them to leave abusive situations without the employer’s consent​(World Population Review).
12. United Arab Emirates (UAE): Around 132,000 people are in forced labor, mainly involving migrant workers from South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa who work in construction, domestic work, and other low-wage jobs. These workers often face harsh conditions, such as long working hours, delayed or withheld wages, and living in poor accommodations. The Kafala system also restricts their ability to change employers or leave the country without permission​(World Population Review).
13. Qatar: With an estimated 20,000 people in forced labor, Qatar has faced international scrutiny, particularly over the treatment of migrant workers building infrastructure for events like the FIFA World Cup. Workers have reported conditions such as unpaid wages, dangerous working environments, and lack of basic rights and freedoms under the Kafala system​(World Population Review).
14. Kuwait: About 55,000 people are involved in forced labor, especially among migrant domestic workers and those in low-wage jobs. Workers often experience abusive conditions, including long working hours, poor living conditions, and physical and emotional abuse, exacerbated by the restrictive Kafala system​(World Population Review).
15. Jordan: Approximately 102,000 people are affected by forced labor, including Syrian refugees and other migrants who work in agriculture, construction, and domestic work. Exploitation is prevalent due to limited legal protections and enforcement of labor rights for migrant workers​(World Population Review).
16. Lebanon: Lebanon has around 52,000 people in forced labor, including a significant number of migrant domestic workers from Africa and Asia who face abuse, exploitation, and severe restrictions on their freedom due to the Kafala system. The economic crisis in Lebanon has worsened the situation, leaving many workers unpaid and stranded​(World Population Review).

These countries have been identified as having significant issues with forced labor, often driven by systemic exploitation, weak enforcement of labor laws, and in some cases, direct state involvement. For more detailed information, you can refer to sources such as the Global Slavery Index and reports from the U.S. Department of Labor and International Labour Organization​(

World Population Review)​(DOL).

Illegal Imprisonment

Here is a list of countries with the largest numbers of people illegally and unethically imprisoned, including data and references:

1. China: China is believed to have a very high number of political prisoners, though exact numbers are difficult to confirm due to the lack of transparency. Significant attention has been given to the treatment of the Uyghur population in Xinjiang, where many are held in what the government calls “re-education camps.” The true number of detainees, including those imprisoned for political reasons, is likely in the hundreds of thousands​(World Population Review).
2. Iran: Iran has around 189,000 prisoners, with a significant number held for political reasons, including activists, journalists, and individuals protesting against the government. The country has a history of imprisoning those who oppose or criticize the government under vague national security charges​(World Population Review).
3. Saudi Arabia: Amnesty International estimates that there may be as many as 3,000 political prisoners in Saudi Arabia. Many of these individuals are detained for expressing dissent, including activists, scholars, and human rights defenders, often under charges of terrorism or disrupting public order​(World Population Review).
4. Russia: Russia has an estimated number of political prisoners that includes opposition figures, activists, and critics of the government. This number is believed to be substantial but is not fully disclosed due to the government’s denial of politically motivated detentions​(World Population Review).
5. North Korea: North Korea has a vast system of labor camps where tens of thousands of individuals, including political prisoners, are held under extremely harsh conditions. These prisoners are often detained for perceived disloyalty to the regime or for trying to escape the country.
6. Egypt: Egypt has thousands of political prisoners, many of whom are held without fair trial under charges related to national security, anti-terrorism laws, or for participating in protests. Activists, journalists, and members of opposition groups are among those commonly imprisoned​(World Population Review).
7. Myanmar: Since the military coup in 2021, Myanmar has seen a sharp rise in political detentions. The military junta has imprisoned thousands of protesters, activists, and members of the former government, with reports of widespread torture and inhumane treatment​(World Population Review).

These countries have been identified as having significant issues with the illegal and unethical imprisonment of individuals, primarily due to political repression, lack of judicial transparency, and systemic abuse of power by the state. For more details, you can refer to reports by the World Population Review and various human rights organizations like Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch.

People persecuted because of their beliefs

Here is a list of ethnic and religious groups that are being persecuted or oppressed due to their beliefs, based on recent data:

1. Rohingya Muslims in Myanmar: The Rohingya have faced severe persecution, including denial of citizenship, violence, and forced displacement. Approximately 120,000 Rohingya are internally displaced, and many live in dire conditions in refugee camps in Bangladesh and other countries​(Council on Foreign Relations).
2. Uyghurs and Other Muslim Minorities in China: Over a million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities are reportedly detained in “re-education camps” in Xinjiang, facing forced labor, surveillance, and cultural repression under the guise of counter-terrorism measures​(Council on Foreign Relations).
3. Christians in North Korea: North Korea is one of the worst places for Christians, where practicing their faith can lead to imprisonment, torture, or even execution. The country has consistently ranked at the top of lists for extreme persecution against Christians​(House of Commons Library).
4. Christians and Yazidis in Iraq and Syria: Both Christians and Yazidis have faced genocide and displacement, particularly at the hands of ISIL. Many Yazidis were subjected to slavery, while Christians faced severe restrictions on their religious practices​(Council on Foreign Relations).
5. Baha’is, Christians, and Sunni and Sufi Muslims in Iran: These groups are often targeted for persecution by the Iranian government, which promotes a strict interpretation of Shia Islam. They face imprisonment, discrimination, and restrictions on practicing their faith​(Council on Foreign Relations).
6. Christians in Nigeria: Nigeria has seen an increase in attacks on Christians, particularly by extremist groups such as Boko Haram and Fulani militants. These attacks have resulted in thousands of deaths and displacement of Christian communities​(House of Commons Library).
7. Ahmadiyya Muslims, Christians, and Hindus in Pakistan: These groups face severe persecution, including violence, discriminatory laws, and blasphemy charges. The Ahmadiyya community, in particular, is targeted under anti-Ahmadi laws, which severely restrict their religious freedoms​(Council on Foreign Relations).
8. Coptic Christians in Egypt: Despite some government efforts to promote religious tolerance, Coptic Christians continue to face attacks from extremist groups and suffer from discriminatory laws and practices​(Council on Foreign Relations).
9. Muslims in the Central African Republic: Following the 2013 coup, Muslims have faced widespread violence from Christian militias, leading to the destruction of most mosques and the displacement of nearly all Muslims from the country​(Council on Foreign Relations).
10. Various Religious Minorities in Russia: Groups such as Jehovah’s Witnesses, Muslims not aligned with the Moscow Patriarchate, and other non-Orthodox Christians face persecution under Russia’s restrictive laws on religion and extremism, which criminalize certain religious activities and expressions​(Council on Foreign Relations).

These examples highlight the ongoing global challenges faced by various ethnic and religious groups, often targeted due to their beliefs and cultural identities. For further details, you can explore the reports from the Council on Foreign Relations and Open Doors’ World Watch List​(House of Commons Library)​(Council on Foreign Relations).

Top 20 countries impacted by global issues:

1. Palestine:
   • Casualties: Over 40,878 Palestinians killed, including nearly 16,500 children, and more than 94,454 injured in Gaza. Significant infrastructure damage and ongoing humanitarian crisis due to the blockade and conflict​(UNHCR).
2. Yemen:
   • Hunger and Conflict: Approximately 17 million people are experiencing severe hunger. The ongoing civil war has led to widespread displacement and a critical humanitarian situation​(UNHCR).
3. Syria:
   • Displacement and Conflict: Over 13 million people displaced due to prolonged civil war, with severe impacts on infrastructure, economy, and human rights​(UNHCR).
4. Afghanistan:
   • Conflict and Hunger: Around 12.4 million people are suffering from extreme hunger due to decades of conflict and economic collapse, with a significant portion of the population internally displaced​(UNHCR).
5. Sudan:
   • Conflict and Hunger: About 26.6 million people face extreme hunger, driven by ongoing conflict, floods, and economic instability​(UNHCR).
6. South Sudan:
   • Displacement and Hunger: Around 7.1 million people face severe hunger, exacerbated by civil war and frequent flooding​(UNHCR).
7. Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC):
   • Conflict and Poverty: Over 400,000 people are enslaved in mining industries, and approximately 79% of the population lives below the international poverty line​(World Population Review)​(DOL).
8. Ethiopia:
   • Conflict and Hunger: Ongoing conflict in regions like Tigray, Afar, and Amhara has led to severe hunger for about 5.5 million people and significant displacement​(UNHCR).
9. Nigeria:
   • Violence and Slavery: Approximately 1.6 million people in forced labor and widespread violence due to insurgency and economic disparities​(World Population Review).
10. Myanmar:
    • Conflict: Significant casualties and displacement due to ongoing military junta conflict with ethnic armed groups and resistance forces​(UNHCR).
11. Pakistan:
    • Natural Disasters and Slavery: Around 2.3 million people are enslaved, mainly due to bonded labor in agriculture and brick kilns, and the country faces severe impacts from monsoon floods​(World Population Review).
12. Haiti:
    • Political Instability and Poverty: Suffering from gang violence and political instability, with numerous deaths and ongoing security issues​(UNHCR).
13. Bangladesh:
    • Labor Exploitation and Natural Disasters: Approximately 1.2 million people subjected to modern slavery, with frequent natural disasters exacerbating poverty​(World Population Review).
14. Madagascar:
    • Hunger and Poverty: Over 80% of the population lives below the poverty line, with severe food insecurity due to cyclones and droughts​(UNHCR).
15. Central African Republic:
    • Poverty and Conflict: About 66% of the population lives below the international poverty line, facing severe hunger and lack of basic services​(UNHCR).
16. Venezuela:
    • Economic Collapse and Displacement: Approximately 7 million people displaced due to economic and political crises, with widespread food insecurity​(UNHCR).
17. Somalia:
    • Hunger and Conflict: Approximately 6 million people face severe hunger due to prolonged drought and ongoing conflict​(UNHCR).
18. India:
    • Slavery and Inequality: Around 11 million people are in modern slavery, including forced labor and forced marriage, amidst significant economic inequalities​(World Population Review).
19. Ukraine:
    • War and Displacement: The Russo-Ukrainian War has led to over 8 million people being displaced and high casualties, severely impacting the country’s infrastructure and economy​(UNHCR).
20. Mozambique:
    • Hunger and Natural Disasters: Approximately 74.5% of the population lives below the poverty line, with recurrent natural disasters and political instability affecting living conditions​(UNHCR).

These countries face severe challenges due to a combination of conflict, economic instability, hunger, displacement, and human rights violations. The need for international aid, policy changes, and long-term solutions is critical to address these humanitarian crises.

Follow me on IG@AliMehediOfficial